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Strategy

The 2026 to 2030 phase is about diversification, applications achieve cost parity with fossil
and about scaling up infrastructure across the US. fuel alternatives through sufficient pricing of
Expanded use of various hydrogen production externalities, and public support for market
pathways and continued scale-up of electrolytic introduction can be phased out.
hydrogen production begin to create meaningful Over time, fossil fuel-based hydrogen production
sector coupling with electricity grids and renewable facilities are retrofitted with CCS and there is open
power production. The first hydrogen transmission competition between different production methods
pipelines enable further cost reduction with seasonal for low-cost, low-carbon hydrogen production.
grid firming and storage. The cross-sector benefits of hydrogen deployment
In transport, medium- and long-haul trucking create further synergies, improve performance,
scales up across the US, as heavy-duty, high- and drive costs down. The backbone infrastructure
throughput hydrogen fueling station infrastructure of the hydrogen economy starts consolidating
connects regional networks and creates nationwide through the emergence of large-scale, low-carbon
coverage. A majority of states now implement hydrogen production facilities across the US, a
hydrogen road maps, creating widespread fueling hydrogen distribution pipeline network, and a large
infrastructure and unlocking the full market for fueling station infrastructure network. There are
FCEVs. a wide variety of FCEV models available to meet
I n industr y, ammonia, methanol, and varying customer needs. As a result, significant
petrochemical production transitions to low-carbon GHG reduction in hard-to-decarbonize industrial
hydrogen, driving production costs down for all sectors and widespread building decarbonization
sectors through large-scale hydrogen production. are achieved, and a higher share of zero-emissions
Hydrogen-based synthetic fuel for aviation and vehicles are on the road.
shipping scales up as those industries seek to
46 decarbonize their fuel supply. Path forward
At the end of 2030, hydrogen demand To unlock hydrogen’s potential in the US, nine actions
tops 17 million metric tons across need to happen: (1) Set dependable, technology-
neutral decarbonization goals; (2) Create public
applications, with 1.2 million FCEVs sold, incentives to bridge barriers to the initial market
300,000 material handling FCEVs launch; (3) Support infrastructure development;
in the field, and 4,300 fueling (4) Expand the use of hydrogen across sectors and
stations operating across achieve economies of scale; (5) Include hydrogen-
based options in government procurement; (6)
the nation. With hydrogen Support research, development, demonstration,

production costs down and deployment; (7) Harmonize technical codes and
safety standards; (8) Support outreach and workforce
and infrastructure in place, development; (9) Review energy sector regulations to
hydrogen solutions can ensure they account for hydrogen.
compete. The hydrogen

economy attracts
investment to develop

and scale up. By 2030,
annual investment is
estimated at $8 billion.

(IV) Post-2030: Broad rollout across the US
After 2030, hydrogen is deployed at scale
in the US, across regions and industries. Most

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