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Strategy NO.10 2020 / 12

presented, which provides important guidance for (ATR) or other methods is called "grey hydrogen",
Germany's hydrogen technology transformation, which boasts lower cost and higher carbon intensity;
demonstrates the government's ambition to support the hydrogen produced using fossil-fuels by steam
and develop clean secondary energy, and heralds a methane reforming (SMR) or auto-thermal reforming
change in the hydrogen industry chain. (ATR) but with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is
In this connection, the adoption of the National known as "blue hydrogen", which can reduce but
Hydrogen Strategy of Germany is of profound cannot eliminate carbon emissions.
significance. It not only further secures Germany's
leading position worldwide in the development
and export of hydrogen technologies, but also helps
Germany strike a balance between developing
domestic hydrogen market and implementing the Both the EU and
EU's economic recovery plan. Germany have put
forward a hydrogen
Significance of the Strategy strategy, but there
Electricity from renewable sources coupled with are some differences
greater energy efficiency has been and will continue between them.
to be the two central pillars of the energy transition
going forward.
As more ambitious climate targets are set and
Germany has made plans to phase out nuclear
energy and coal-fired power, the government is With regards to short-term and medium-term
seeking long-term alternatives to fossil fuels such hydrogen demand, the EU wants to transform the
as oil and natural gas in order to make the energy existing production facilities and separate and store 41
transition a success. carbon dioxide in the so-called "CCS" process in
As a highly industrialized country, Germany order to cut carbon dioxide emissions, whereas
relies on gaseous and liquid energy sources as an Germany has completely abandoned the path. In
important part of its energy system. These energy Germany's National Hydrogen Strategy draft put
sources will remain indispensable in a number of forward in January 2020, there were discussions
areas of industry and transport in the long term, and on "blue hydrogen", including CCS solution. But in
hydrogen, as a key element in energy conversion, the final version that was approved in June 2020,
enjoys huge potential. Germany has started to promote "green hydrogen"
Germany which has taken over the EU's rotating with the main force from hydrogen electrolysis
presidency has provided active support in the EU's plants specializing in green hydrogen electricity.
publishing the Hydrogen Strategy and Strategy for In the long term, the German government
Energy System Integration with the clear aim of believes that only hydrogen produced on the basis
integrating hydrogen into the EU's comprehensive of renewable energies (green hydrogen) can sustain
energy system with transport as the first sector to do so. the energy transition. Therefore, Germany's strategy
Although the combustion of hydrogen does aims to use green hydrogen to support a rapid
not produce carbon dioxide, hydrogen does not market ramp-up and to establish corresponding
occur naturally in a pure form. Nearly 99% of the value chains.
world's current hydrogen production is still heavily
dependent on fossil fuels such as natural gas and Interpretation of Hydrogen Value Chain
coal, and hydrogen production from natural gas Hydrogen is a multi-purpose energy carrier that
accounts for 76%. Hydrogen can be classified can serve as a basis for synthetic fuels, but also as
according to the source of production: The hydrogen a medium to store renewable energies. Debates
produced by the electrolysis of water is known about the future energy world, such as the lack
as "green hydrogen", which is emission-free; the of possibilities for renewable energy storage, the
hydrogen produced using fossil fuels by steam potential of energy networks in cutting costs and
methane reforming (SMR) or auto-thermal reforming the controversy around hydrogen fuel cells as the

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