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On Hotspots NO.10 2020 / 12

Hydrogen Development
A H ydrogen Devel opment

ook
utl
O
P Outlook

P

L As a low-carbon, clean energy carrier, of hydrogen production can be as low as

hydrogen can play an important role in USD 1.50 per kg in the short term if the
I achieving carbon-neutral goals. Industries cost of natural gas is within USD 3/MMBtu,
such as automotive, chemical, heating
complete with the right geography. In
and power are looking to low-carbon regions with high natural gas costs, such as
C hydrogen as an important alternative to Europe, the cost of hydrogen production
could reach USD 2.10 per kg in the short
achieve sustainability goals. Advances in
technology and demonstration projects term and drop to USD 1.80 in the medium
A have significantly reduced the cost of term (2030) under the right geographical
conditions.
hydrogen applications. However, the
scenario for large-scale application of Electrolytic water based hydrogen
T hydrogen energy is not clear, mainly due production. The cost depends on the
to the fact that there is still disagreement
investment cost of the facility, the cost of
on the cost competitiveness and electricity and the utilization rate of the 47
I development trajectory of hydrogen facility. According to McKinsey analysis, by
2030, the cost of electrolytic water based
energy applications.
hydrogen production can be reduced to
O Production costs are on a USD 1.9/kg if the investment in electrolysis
downward trend
facilities is kept at USD 500/kW, the facility
There are currently three main types utilization is 30%, and the electricity cost is
N of hydrogen production: industrial by- at 1 cent.
Since 2010, the cost of electrolytic
product based hydrogen production,
fossil fuels based hydrogen production hydrogen production has dropped 60%,
and electrolytic water based hydrogen from USD 15 to USD 6 per kg. Analysis
production. The main sources of future shows that the cost of electrolytic hydrogen
large-scale use of clean hydrogen should production will continue to decline. In
be hydrogen from fossil fuels and hydrogen the case of German offshore wind power
from electrolytic water. based hydrogen production, the cost of
Fossil fuels based hydrogen production. electrolytic hydrogen will be reduced by
The main fossil fuels for hydrogen about 60% more to USD 2.60 per kg by
production are natural gas and coal. A 2030.
carbon capture facility is also required
to make the hydrogen “clean”. The price Transportation and distribution
of fossil fuel based hydrogen production costs need to be further reduced
depends heavily on the price of energy, The long-distance transportation of
and the cost of CCS depends heavily hydrogen will drive international trade due
on geographic conditions, such as the to the large cost differences in hydrogen
availability of depleted gas fields and production between regions. This is
suitable rock formations. In regions such particularly true for Japan or South Korea,
as the U.S. and the Middle East, the cost where the lack of suitable locations to

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