Page 35 - 全球能源互联网资讯-第10期（12月）-英文

Overview NO.10 2020 / 12

From the perspective of comparison, the for transportation in 2019 were 0.908 GW, with an
important part of the price of gasoline is the annual compound growth rate of 41.2% in the past
consumption tax on gasoline. Therefore, from the five years, accounting for 80.3% of global shipments
perspective of reducing the selling price of hydrogen, of fuel cells, up from 38.2% in 2015. Moreover, fuel
the large-scale, low-cost, and efficient preparation cell applications continue to grow at high rates.
and transportation of hydrogen is the first key The US Department of Energy (DOE) has
problem to be solved. estimated the cost of fuel cell vehicles that with
the expansion of production scale, the cost of fuel
Utilization: transportation possess the cell systems will fall dramatically. Based on the
biggest growth potential 2020 technology level, with an annual capacity
Hydrogen fuel cells work by combining hydrogen of 500,000 80kW power reactors, the cost of the
and oxygen to produce water while converting PEMFC system can be reduced to $40 /kW. That’s
chemical energy into electricity and heat. This about $3200 (about 20,000 RMB) for an 80kW fuel
process is not limited by the Carnot cycle effect, and cell car’s battery system.
its theoretical efficiency
can reach more than 90%,
with a high theoretical
economy. The hydrogen
goes into the anode of
the fuel cell, with the
presence of the catalyst,
it splits into hydrogen
ions and electrons. The
hydrogen ions then pass 33
through the diaphragm to
the cathode, where they
combine with oxygen in
the presence of a catalyst
to form water, and the
electrons move towards
the cathode through an external circuit to form a Compared with the lithium battery industry
current. Unlike lead-acid, lithium battery and other chain, the hydrogen energy and fuel cell industry
energy storage batteries, fuel cells are similar to chain is longer, more complex, and has greater
“generators”. Moreover, the whole process of the fuel theoretical and economic value. In terms of
cell contains no mechanical transmission parts, and practical applications of hydrogen energy, a
it is of no noise and pollutant emissions. hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is the most effective way
Fuel cells have the strongest growth potential to efficiently utilize hydrogen energy. At present, the
in transportation. Globally, fuel cells are mainly hydrogen energy industry has been taking shape
used in fixed power supply, transportation, and and the fuel cell system has met the commercial
portable power supply. It is not only suitable for demand. However, the large-scale commercial
centralized power generation, construction of large application of fuel cell vehicles is still restricted by
and medium-sized power stations, and regional economy and practicality. Therefore, policy support
decentralized power stations but also can be used in the early stage of industrial development is
as various specifications of decentralized power particularly important. Under the policy support, the
supply. In transportation, the fuel cells are used industry will enter a positive cycle of “scale - cost
in passenger vehicles, buses/buses, forklifts, and reduction - market development”. Moreover, the
other vehicles. At present, the commercialization continuous progress of technologies will also solve
process of transportation application is accelerating, the cost constraints of core technologies in each
and the transportation field is growing the most. link and further enhance the competitiveness of
According to E4Tech, global shipments of fuel cells commercialization.

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